Some minor discoveries already [but no real progress towards identification] …
A) The body and the screw are both made primarily of Ebonite, or similar … suggesting, but not guaranteeing, that they are acting as electrical insulators.
B) The screw can be removed completely, and it carries a brass rod which is tapered to a conical point.
C) There is an insert within the tube, visible through the ‘windows’ … and adjusting the screw changes the gap between this and the cone. This has the ‘feel’ of being a spark-gap, but there doesn’t appear to be a connection to either pole.
D) The pocket clip is plated steel and presumably a ‘bought-in’ commercial item; and it carries the number 5 and the words MADE IN ENGLAND, stamped on the inside of the straight clip.
E) The other metal parts all appear to be brass.
F) The gap in the engraved line above the scale is clearly ‘real’ not just missing paint.
Pictures anon
MichaelG.