Repeating what has been said many times, Do NOT engage back gear unless you are prepared break teeth off the gears!
You may ignore this advice, and get away with it. But I have made several gears for people who have engaged Back Gear to lock the spindle, on early MLs. And stripping out the mandrel to repair, and then readjusting is a right fag! Best avoided.
Various suggestions that have been made.
Tighten belt, grip a piece of hexagon bar in the chuck, apply a long ring spanner, or socket and long bar. Hit hard on the outer end.
Tighten belt, grip a long bar across the chuck jaws, again, hit hard on outer end.
Hopefully, the inertia of the motor will resist the suddenly applied rotational torque and the chuck will come free
It may need more than one attempt to jolt it loose.
An alternative might be to grip the hexagon bar in the chuck, and use a socket and a pneumatic impact wrench, to hammer it free.
The suddenly applied load will be double that of a gradually applied load.
once the chuck is off, check for bruises to the thread and register which may cause the trouble.
To prevent recurrences, do not spin the chuck on under power, just push it round by hand. It will tighten under the cutting loads.
Howard.
.