From Laurie Penmans book " Clock design and construction" (which is available at very silly prices from some well known on-line sites!!) says on Page 40:
"The pitch circle of the rods may be taken as the pitch circle of the pinion for calculating centre distances. The rods should allow clearance in the gash between each wheel tooth. 1.25x module should work quite well but the system is not critical as long as there is no binding in the wheel."
So – make 'em any reasonable size you like as long as they fit and are strong enough!! 
I've made lantern pinions using brass bobbins and dressmakers pins for the rods. Drill on the Pitch circle and ensure you have the bobbin deep enough to take the wheel tooth addendum without fouling anywhere.
Edited By Bizibilder on 19/01/2019 17:39:42
Edited By Bizibilder on 19/01/2019 17:42:09