I don't see any problems having it tested. It's an identified and certified specimen of a known design, you have all the paperwork.
The MELG manual on boiler-testing describes the procedure for this situation, and if you don't have a copy it I would suggest you obtain one so you know what is expected.
Essentially the test is in two phases – the cold hydraulic one, and the steam-accumulation test. The latter can only be done on the complete loco of course, as it observes the performance especially of the safety-valves, also the gauge -glass(es), pressure-gauge and feed arrangements.
As Bazyle says, the green spot was probably caused by a trace of flux.
I'm surprised it has no mountings for the fire-hole door, too. You could as you say make a cover-plate for the whole back-head but I have been trying to think of a better way! The boiler-inspector you eventually meet might be able to suggest a solution once he has the boiler in front of him.
One tip – clean those rags of PTFE tape out of the threads before installing the new test-plugs / fittings. Advice I have received, at a boiler-testing seminar, is that fibre or copper washers are preferable to PTFE tape, too, because bits of tape in the boiler can become carried over into places like the gauge-glass passages.
(Whilst accepting different applications and conditions, a professional plumber and gas-fitter told me he uses barely a reel of PTFE tape in a whole year!)