Hello James,
It looks like a gas burner at one end, the red thing is a pump to keep the boiler topped up.
I'm assuming that your boiler is about 4" in diameter, in which case it is rather bigger than the 'Mamod' style (although it appears to have a mamod safety valve) and even though copper boilers don't degrade rapidly I would suggest finding a local model engineering club who could help with a simple pressure test and checking the safety valve. They might recommend you fit a larger safety valve, although the use of a mamod one implies it is designed to work at quite low pressure.
Anyone carrying out such a test would be able to explain the various valves and sight glass etc.
Neil