Bill, John
Armstrong from Armstrong Patent, which they were marketed as for many years. Armstrong invented the beast and took out several patents from around the mid 1890’s to mid 1920’s. Don’t know the specific patented features tho’ although the idea of pointing the tool upwards at a generic “little too large” rake angle was clearly important for easy grinding and tool material economy.
The distorted top slide problem is pretty much inevitable on a small lathe with a simple clamp tool holder where all the pull forces go through the stud in the middle. Stiffness depends on thickness and on small machines there just isn’t enough room for lots of metal. I suspect 5″ or so centre height is about as small as you can go whilst retaining more than satisfactory stiffness. Below that compromise is essential. Obviously a slotted block type holder where all the clamping forces are within the block is better in this respect but obviously tool size is restricted and we are back to the dreaded shim type height adjustment. The conventional QC is even worse it this respect as space for height adjustment can only be found by slimming things a bit more unless the holder proper is made to overhang the slide introducing its own set of problems.
Looking at my picture in a previous post it occurs to me that the bottom plate of a slot type holder could be dispensed with if using Armstrong holders in the configuration shown. A solid trapezoidal pillar, as large as practicable, could be made with two sides angled to match the desired tool holder shank inclinations for turning and facing having two narrow overhanging ledges to carry the clamp screws. The clamping forces should be well enough spread not to distort the slide. Obviously only one holder at a time would be fitted hence some means needs to be devised for sufficiently accurate replacement so there is a certain inconvenience in that respect. Clearly alternative mounts need to be arranged for boring and parting tools but the concept looks promising.
Talking about parting tools I’m amazed that no-one has produced for sale or as a DIY design a solid block with grooves and clamps to carry either the standard parting HSS blade or the modern insert holder blade. Clearly it needs to be two pieces with a bolt on base so shims can be inserted to get the right centre height, a once only job with inserts and if you accept flat top grind on HSS blades. This is probably the most rigid possible set-up, especially as it allows the deepest blade to be used. Similar arrangements are accepted on rear tool posts so why not at the front?
Clive