Of course production quantities of parts were done with jigs, capstans, cam operated screw machines, fixtures and with multiple other high volume production methods as well during WW II. Some of it was even semi automated by mechanical methods during that time period. There still weren’t any dro’s available to help or pre set those methods of production so they could then help produce those vast quantities of parts with those lower skilled people. Those stops or anything else had to be set in some way using measurement. Logic would point towards indicators and gauge blocks were being used on the shop floor a lot more back then than they are today by specific people who’s job it was to pre set all those machines for and do spot checks during a run of parts.
The basic point was and that before the invention of dro’s, the world wasn’t incapable of making anything, and that there are other methods that can be used. All of them slower and less convenient at least for the manual types of machine tools most of us would be using. But a dro doesn’t suddenly give any machine tool magic powers. On a lathe they would make it easier and quicker to be accurate and with very likely less mistakes.