Toc toc work on some strange pulsation effect, a pulse of steam ejects from the back, but a slug water is sucked back into the hot container over the flame, where it vapourises and is ejected, starting the whole process again. Some kind of resonance effect. The outlet has to be under water so a slug can be sucked back in. I wouldn’t be at all surprised if some of the slug was spat out again by the vapourising steam, and obviously water is heavier than steam, so potentially more thrust. But then sucking it in would give negative thrust, so quite clearly a topic for a research student using computer fluid dynamics