No idea on the history but I have one too, well used but not quite as mucky as yours! Mine has the guard over the pulley which you are missing. Not the most sophisticated of saws. Vice is set at 90 degrees only, and there is no damper or blade lift on the return stroke.
Uses 12" blades. When the previous owner sold it to me he made a big thing of including a small stock of 12" x 5/8" blades (rather than the more usual 12" x 1/2" hacksaw type) which are a little more robust – he said they were super rare but I'm still using his stash, so never had to search out more.
Will post a picture when I get a chance.