Usually with a back gear there are two things to do to engage it.
One is that you move the actual gears into engagement…that will usually be something like a lever with two positions, and will be the one you have been trying.
The second thing is that you must disengage the direct drive on the spindle from the drive pulley to the spindle. I don’t know the Brown and Smart, but for example on my Myford ML7 there is a small allan screw on the bull gear of the back gear. That screw has to be loosened and moved radially outward. That disengages a little drive dog between that gear and a smaller gear that is attached to the pulley. So the pulley turns on the spindle, drives the small gear, that drives a large gear on the backgear shaft, the small gear on the backgear shaft drives the bull gear on the main spindle, and the main spindle goes around slower than normal. Depending on accessability, you might be able to see how it is done on your lathe.
If you don’t disengage the normal drive on the spindle, when you engage backgear it will lock the spindle. This is sometimes used as a way of locking the spindle, but be cautious with it as using it to get a stuck chuck off will put a very big load on the gears.
Hope this helps.
regards
John