I have always assumed this is part of a navigation system with the two ball resolver outputs driving the resettable odometer type counters (push to turn knobs missing). What puzzles me is why the two rotating pointers have scales to 64 and 200 neither of which seem compatible with map lat and long references.
This video explains the workings of a ball resolver, I suggest skip to 9 mins in where the mechanical details (and teardown) are shown, then go back to the start when the diagrams and maths will make more sense.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SKPPBgBhxNs
Ian P
P.S. Ball resolver in my unit is 1 inch (2″ in video)
P.P.S. There is a 2″ resolver on ebay now 386255039871 (nothing to do with me)