I am not familiar with the engine you are working on – but yes – most I have seen use snap head rivets. The round head on the insides of the frames and horns and the other end is flattened into countersunk holes on the outside. The rough hammered surface is then filed flush with the frames. When completed, the rivet is virtually invisible on the outside surface of the frame.

Phil H

David,

I am not familiar with your engine. For example, tender horns and maybe narrow gauge engines are often on the outside of the frames so the rivets are from the outside and hammered on the inside of the frames. Most locomotives have their main horns on the inside of the frames and the rivets hammered flush on the outside of the frames.

I did a quick search for Charlatan but couldn't find any reference to it. What kind of engine is it. I could help further if I knew.

Phil H

Charlatan is a model of an 08 shunter

**LINK**

shows horns outside

Thinking about the way horns would be fitted on a regular loco or tender Isn't the rule of thumb the countersink is closest to the wheel, Also help with side clearance.

Thanks Duncan – it is now clear from the photographs – they are a bit like a tender i.e., snap heads on the outside, countersink on the inside. The chassis looks quite nice if a close to scale engine is built – and – hey no boiler to argue about.

Phil H

I have a question about the horn angle / blocks, I drilled the holes in the horns and when I lined the holes up with the frame , the horns are not flush with the frames .

dose any body know why, are they to be machined back when fitting axle boxes ?

regards

Rick