Flywheel fabrication help

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Flywheel fabrication help

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  • #714849
    AStroud
    Participant
      @astroud

      I am planning to fabricate a spoked flywheel rather than machine from a billet as I have for my previous models.

      I have piece of 7.625″ OD x 0.5″ wall thick pipe x 1″ long. For the hub I have a piece of 1.5″ OD bar. I am planning to use x 6 spokes, 0.25 dia. I have no silver soldering facilities and plan to use Loctite to fix the spokes.

      My query concerns the order of the steps to get a flywheel without wobble. Either finish bore the hub first then assemble to the rim with the spokes then locate the assembly on a mandril through the hub in a collet on the lathe then skim the rim od and sides. I would also use the faceplate to clamp the rim.

      Alternatively bore the hub undersize then fix to the rim then true up the rim and then finish bore the hub at the same time. I worry with this way with the hub being supported by the spokes only it might chatter however if ok it should ensure concentricity.

      I have a well used Myford S7 and a BCA jig borer.

      I would appreciate the team’s thoughts, wisdom and experience.

      Andrew

       

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      #714850
      Martin Connelly
      Participant
        @martinconnelly55370

        I would not like to machine a rim that is held on spokes only by Loctite, I would want something mechanically solid. Have you considered drilling and tapping the hub (small 1/4″ counterbore) and putting a thread on the end of the spokes. An M6 thread with a small shoulder on a Ø1/4″ spoke should not show afterwards. If you drill and ream through the pipe for the hub you can then feed the spokes through and screw them into the hub, Cut them off at the outside diameter before it is machined and put pin through the end in the hub before it is machined to prevent rotation.

        Additionally it is probably better to aim to machine the hub bore and the outside diameter of the rim in one setup and by clamping the assembly onto a faceplate this would allow this and avoid the chatter that such skinny spokes could cause, facing the rims afterwards. The usual method is to clamp on the spokes and use light cuts. If you wanted to use a mandrel and Loctite and avoid chatter you would have to support the rim with a couple of suitable disks either side of it and hope nothing slipped inside when out of sight.

        Martin C

        #714851
        JasonB
        Moderator
          @jasonb

          To some extent it will depend on the size of the spokes and how they are located in rim and hub as these will affect the strength of the assembly

          I’ve never been a fan of holding flywheels by the hub to finish the rim and certainly if they are of light construction would not do it. When I fabricate them I leave the bore in the hub undersize and then once it has all been soldered hold by the rim and finish bore the hub, light cuts with a sharp tool should not cause problems with chatter or excessive load on the joints.

          The downside of screwing together is you need to be very cunning if you are to avoid holes in the rim showing.

          M3 studs retaining spokes in hubs but otherwise all Loctite having the hub finish machined & bored. 200mm dia

          20230114_091853

          Soft soldered, 4mm spokes threaded into hubs 150mm dia, finishing the hub bore but boring bar would be better

          IMAG2250

           

          #714852
          duncan webster 1
          Participant
            @duncanwebster1
            1. I finish turned the rim but left the hub blank, loctite it all together, then gripped the hub in the 4 jaw setting the rim true and bored the hub. I’ll see if I can find some photos later on.
            #714891
            AStroud
            Participant
              @astroud

              Thanks for the comments, something to think about. I am continually  impressed with the strength of Loctite 638 and feel using threads on the spokes into the hub might cause the spokes to skew causing some spring. I like Duncan’s method but I see using a 4 jaw will bring the rim out of the lathe gap and it will clash with the bed.

              I agree machining the hub and rim in the same set up will be best and I will sketch up some spoke clamps. I think the difficulty will be not introducing any spring when clamping the rim and the spokes

              #714911
              Anonymous

                Assemble everything and then machine the OD, bore and one face in a single setting with the flywheel on a faceplate. Then the other side can be skimmed parallel to the first. It is possible to hold a flywheel for turning all important surfaces at one setting without needing additional holes:

                2013_12280006

                The flywheel is located by the two diametrically opposite steel spigots, which also react the cutting forces. The clamps on the spokes are not particularly tight and are there solely to stop the flywheel falling off the faceplate. The flywheel is resting on three aluminium plates, which are screwed to the faceplate, so that the full width of the rim can be machined. It also makes it simpler to add the doming for a drive belt.

                Andrew

                 

                #714973
                Nigel Graham 2
                Participant
                  @nigelgraham2

                  If you drill and tap the aluminium pads you can hold them on the faceplate with screws and big washers from the back to facilitate putting all that lot together.

                  I’ve sometimes assembled work-pieces and clamps on faceplates, with the plate standing on its back on the bench.

                  #714977
                  Anonymous

                    The aluminium plates are held on by cheapo M6 crosshead builders screws, as just seen on the top pad.

                    The flywheel was assembled on the faceplate flat, with the faceplate resting on a piece of MDF on the lathe bed. For scale the faceplate is 18″ diameter so the resultant combination was rather heavy. So much so that when lifting the faceplate, together with the second flywheel, I pulled something that paralysed one side of my upper body and arm. It was rather frightening at the time and took an hour or so to go off.

                    Andrew

                    #714982
                    Nigel Graham 2
                    Participant
                      @nigelgraham2

                      Ah yes – sorry, I didn’t spot the little screw-head peeping out from behind everything!

                      A salutary lesson that – I’m glad it was “only” a brief episode.

                      I have had near-misses myself, once dropping a heavy chuck off the spindle nose of the IXL 6″ lathe I owned at the time, trapping my fingers between it and the lead-screw. You could measure the thread from the cuts.

                      More recently, rushing to put my steam-wagon and tools back into the workshop out of a rain shower, I tripped and crashed down hard onto concrete. Although an X-ray next day revealed I had not broken any bone, whatever internal upper-thigh / groin damage the fall actually did, severely limited my activities for several weeks. Had I fallen forwards and not obliquely I would probably have smashed my face on a lot of angular metalwork.

                      Handling heavy lathe fittings was one reason for making a travelling-crane for my workshop. The lifting gear itself is a “Draper” chain-hoist suspended from the crab, which I designed so I could replace the chain-block with rope blocks and tackle if desired. (Chain-hoist chains clatter and bash against, or tangle themselves around, everything and anything they can!)

                      #715057
                      Anonymous

                        Nigel: I’d be very interested in more details of the crane, may be a seperate thread?

                        For some years I’ve known that eventually I will need assistance lifting accessories for the lathe and milling machines. That time is rapidly approaching, especially as I am having to deal with hernia issues at the moment. I’d sketched out a couple of U-shaped runners, with a short cross saddle, attached to the rafters and covering the lathe and both manual mills. The lifting mechanism would be a hoist, not sure if I’d go for electric or manual. I would plan for a load of 100kg. It would be sensible to weigh some of the accessories, but I suspect the bigger ones are comfortably over 50kg. The vertical head for the horizontal mill even has a lifting eye conveniently screwed into the top.

                        Andrew

                        #715133
                        AStroud
                        Participant
                          @astroud

                          Thanks for the picture of your set up, it will help me plan mine. I have already seen 1/4″ dia spokes look too splindly and will look to use 5/16″ or even 3/8″.

                          #715181
                          Nigel Graham 2
                          Participant
                            @nigelgraham2

                            Thankyou Andrew.

                            Yes it would be better as a thread of its own, but my crane basically uses a rectangular-section, open-frame cross-beam assembled from angle-steel, carrying the crab inside it, running on inverted-angle rails supported by square-section tubular columns secured to the workshop’s concrete-block walls.

                            The beam wheels are second-hand, flanged, hoist wheels intended to run on ‘H’-beams; linked by tubular axles running in hornblocks fitted with rubber-disc “springing” to ensure all four wheels stay in contact over any slight errors in the rails’ alignment.

                            I’ll have to take some photos of it to produce a more useful report.

                            I would not go to the expense of an electric hoist. Not for the low-height, occasional lifts we use – such as putting heavily-laden faceplates on lathes. Its only advantage over a manual chain-hoist is that the latter is a rather clumsy thing to use, especially around delicate loads.

                            Is the “Haltrac” hoist still made? An eight-fall cord and sheaves tackle, it was ideal for this sort of work.

                            #715491
                            duncan webster 1
                            Participant
                              @duncanwebster1

                              As promised, some photos of my humble attempt

                              IMG_20210412_171806IMG_20210306_141950

                              #715527
                              AStroud
                              Participant
                                @astroud

                                Thanks for the pictures Duncan, your wheel looks right, could you please let me know some dims, the spoke diameter and the rim diameter so I can check my proportions.

                                Andrew

                                #715533
                                JasonB
                                Moderator
                                  @jasonb

                                  If it is of use the 7″ flywheel found on many of the Stuart engines such as the Beam and Victoria has 3/8″ dia spokes, rim comes in around 3/4″ wide but can be coaxed to 20mm. For your 1/2″ wall pipe make the tee section of the rim 50/50 with 50% full width and the rest the width of the spokes. Your hub material is a bit chunky, 1″ dia would do.

                                  vic fw

                                  Depending on construction method tapering the spokes from say 10mm at the hub to 8 or 9 at the rim will look better than parallel in most cases.

                                  vic tapered

                                  #715547
                                  AStroud
                                  Participant
                                    @astroud

                                    Very helpful, thank you Jason. Yes I can see a 1.5 dia hub looks chunky, I will likely reduce the diameter either side of the centre, maybe the centre part too but I want to get a reasonable engagement with the spoke ends to maximise the strength of the Loctite joints.

                                    Andrew

                                    #715670
                                    duncan webster 1
                                    Participant
                                      @duncanwebster1
                                      On AStroud Said:

                                      Thanks for the pictures Duncan, your wheel looks right, could you please let me know some dims, the spoke diameter and the rim diameter so I can check my proportions.

                                      Andrew

                                      Rim160 OD, 144 ID, 12 thick

                                      Spokes 6mm reduce to 5 where they enter hub

                                      Hub 30 dia 30 thick. Outboard of spokes reduced to 28 dia, it looked better.

                                      I used 5 spokes as I thought it looked better

                                      #720545
                                      AStroud
                                      Participant
                                        @astroud

                                        I have just about completed the flywheel and am happy with the result. The spokes are stuck in with Loctite 638, no hint of moving whilst clamping up or machining.

                                        I clamped the assembly to the faceplate via the spokes and managed to machine the OD, rim edge, hub and bore on the same setting which has given a true running wheel. There was a bit of ringing when cutting the OD which resulted in a small amount herringbone like pattern but that has just about gone after some polishing.

                                        Contemplating a key, grub screw or dab of Loctite for the shaft fixing

                                        flywheel

                                        Now to build something to turn it !

                                        Andrew

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