Depends on what it’s for, large areas or small. I’m mostly small.
Unbranded layout blue is sometimes sold by hobby suppliers, but it comes and goes; possibly because a leaky bottle of dye causes havoc in transit!
Dykem is by far the most common brand, available in Red and Blue, brushed or in a spray can. Not all stockists keep the full range. Red vs Blue is largely personal preference I think, but there are probably times when it’s useful to highlight two or more surfaces in different colours. Dykem is a serious product, quite expensive, and they recommend cleaning the metal with their preparation fluid, and removing it with their proprietary cleaner. It doesn’t come off too easily.
Dykem is over the top in my workshop, and – when coverage is needed – I just splash on some unbranded blue. However, buying a DRO for my mill removed much of the need for conventional marking out. Having established a few references on the job, it’s generally easy to accurately move the table into position, and less work than painting, scribing, centre-popping and cleaning up. I rarely do old-school marking out now, but it does depend on what your workshop is doing.
Mostly, I find it easier to mark out with a felt-tip pen, only applied where needed, not all over. Cheap felt-tips are usable, but the more expensive brands have better depth and wearing qualities. I’m using Berol at the moment, non-permanent, because Tesco’s were selling them reduced!
Home-made.
At a pinch adding Meths to Stuarts paste produces a mildly inferior layout blue fluid – they’re both based on Methylene Blue dye, which is soluble in alcohol.
In the good old days, steel was painted with acidified Copper Sulphate solution, which leaves a thin layer of Copper on the metal. Works well, but even worse than dye to sort out when it’s spilled, and being toxic means it has to be handled with care. Another mix involved meths, size (animal glue), and ‘Whiting’. Whiting seems to mean ‘any cheap white pigment’ – finely ground chalk, or Zinc Oxide. Not as effective as Copper Sulphate, much stirring needed, and messy, but it can be painted on any metal.
These days felt tips are an excellent option unless a lot of metal has to be covered.
Dave