Wedgelock fasteners , as said, used a nylon(?) pellet attached to the thread, to produce friction (Presumable by forcing the external thread across the clearance, to bear heavily against the metal of the internal thread )
A home made version can be used by dropping a length of something like fishing line into the hole before forcing the fastener into the tapping.
Micro Encapsulated Anaerobic Sealing attaches minute sealed globules of an anaerobic to the thread.
When the internal and external threads come together, the globule, being larger than the clearance between the threads, breaks, releasing the anaerobic to act as a thread sealt or lock (Depending upon the grade selected)
Each has their uses, depending upon the permancy required for the retention / sealing.
Howard