Posted by Bazyle on 21/05/2021 12:54:03:
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Since the purpose of the acid is just to make the water conduct better probably anything that does that would work if it doesn't have a side reaction, perhaps citric or white vinegar would do, or phosphoric too.
There's more purpose to the Acid than making the water conduct! Anodising grows a layer of oxide, and, if the layer is to be colour stained, it needs to be microscopically porous. A porous layer is created by anodising with an acid that partially dissolves the Aluminium Oxide as it forms, giving the layer a spongy structure to take the dye. Also, the acid should dissolve Aluminium Oxide but not the metal.
Not all acids dissolve Aluminium Oxide and others are too aggressive. 10% Sulphuric Acid is suitable and cheap, but my book says Phosphoric Acid and Oxalic Acid (Rhubarb!) also work.
May be worth trying alternatives like Citric Acid or Vinegar, but my guess is they either remove the sponge entirely, or leave it too thin to take a dye. Sponge size is also affected by the amount of current flowing and by the particular Alloy used. I suspect this is why results vary between excellent and abject failure! Using iffy materials and equipment at home it may be necessary to experiment.
Acid isn't used at all when a hard protective oxide layer is wanted; Ammonium Tartrate solution makes a thick solid layer that can't be dyed a pretty colour. No sponge!
Dave