Bending copper pipe

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Bending copper pipe

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  • #391233
    AJW
    Participant
      @ajw

      I will be needing to put some reasonably tight bends in 10mm/3/8in od copper pipe.
      Before obtaining a purpose built pipe bender I was proposing to anneal the pipe where required then fill with cast in lead in the hope that this would support the pipe walls sufficiently during bending.
      Has anybody had experience of using this as a process?

      Alan

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      #16057
      AJW
      Participant
        @ajw
        #391236
        Mike E.
        Participant
          @mikee-85511

          An option would be to find a long coil spring with a 3/8" bore and slip it over the copper tube where you intend the bend to be. The spring will support the surrounding area to equalize the pressure around the bend and minimise the chance of a sharp kink. I have a set of commercially made ones are made for this purpose, but are not immediately available to post photos.

          #391237
          Paul Lousick
          Participant
            @paullousick59116

            I have done it with pipe filled with dry sand, not lead and also the coil spring method. (springs are available at hardware and plumbing suppliers, internal and external types).

            What radius bend are you trying to achieve ?

            Paul.

            Edited By Paul Lousick on 15/01/2019 21:17:08

            #391238
            FMES
            Participant
              @fmes

              You need a product called Cerrobend, it becomes liquid in boiling water and does not adhere to the inside of the tube, looks like lead when it sets.

              Just reheat the pipe to run it out after bending.

              Regards

              #391240
              Paul Lousick
              Participant
                @paullousick59116

                Where can I buy Cerrobend ?

                It is listed on ebay in USA, 1/4lb stick costs $16 but $66 for postage.

                Paul

                #391241
                FMES
                Participant
                  @fmes
                  Posted by Paul Lousick on 15/01/2019 21:31:37:

                  Where can I buy Cerrobend ?

                  It is listed on ebay in USA, 1/4lb stick costs $16 but $66 for postage.

                  Paul

                  I get it from **LINK**

                  The price changes so you have to enquire

                  Regards

                  #391242
                  Ian McVickers
                  Participant
                    @ianmcvickers56553

                    One of our plumbers at work has a small set of pipe benders for 6,8 and 10mm pipe mainly for central heating work I think. Quite small hand held benders.

                    #391243
                    AJW
                    Participant
                      @ajw

                      Thanks, not done any final measurements as the project (Centaur) is still under construction but I am guessing at a radius of somewhere between an inch and an in and a half.
                      I have used bending springs on larger pipes (internal) to good effect but it seemed rather extravagant to purchase a spring for probably only a couple of bends! As it would purchasing Cerrobend.
                      I have some scrap lead so I might have a play.

                      Alan

                      #391245
                      John Rudd
                      Participant
                        @johnrudd16576

                        8 & 10mm is a popular size in microbore ch systems….or…..

                        Try your local garage, they may have suitable benders for brake piping….take your pipe along and bobs your uncle…

                        Edited By John Rudd on 15/01/2019 21:47:39

                        #391257
                        duncan webster 1
                        Participant
                          @duncanwebster1

                          1" rad on 3/8 pipe is quite tight, have you considered long radius elbow? see **LINK**

                          #391261
                          AJW
                          Participant
                            @ajw

                            I had considered ready made fittings, I even bought a couple today!
                            My application involves silver soldering pipe or fitting into a flange which will be bolted to a water jacket by 2 2ba fixings the spacing of the studs doesn’t allow for the pipe to go into a fitting and fit between the fixings – it’s very tight!
                            So the pipe must go directly into the flange and off to the cooling tank, the inch rad is just a guesstimate and could quite possibly be a good deal larger.
                            I will experiment tomorrow and report back!

                            Alan

                            #391262
                            HughE
                            Participant
                              @hughe

                              Lots of 6/8/10 mm benders on ebay for about 9 to 14 GBPs

                              Search for mini pipe bender

                              #391269
                              Paul Kemp
                              Participant
                                @paulkemp46892

                                I had a similar requirement with 1/2" pipe and a 1" radius bend a few years back for the blast pipe on my traction engine. Bend needed to be tight to get the blast nozzle in the centre of the chimney! The pipe was thin walled AC copper pipe also which made it worse. Did a bit of research and salt was recommended rather than sand as it is finer and packs tighter. In order to get the salt to pack down tight it was recommended to hold an engraver or similar against the pipe to induce vibration to pack it down (didn't try that as I didn't have one!). Was told there was no way I would get a bend that tight! Red rag…….. I annealed the pipe and packed it with salt, crimping the ends. Got a lump of hardwood and filed a profile of half the diameter of the pipe into it and the radius required. Then clamped the pipe to it with a horseshoe type bracket and used the back former from a commercial bender (straight lump of ally with a u groove milled in it, half the diameter of the pipe) and worked it round by hand. On completion it was a pretty fair bend, the pipe had gone a little oval but removing the salt, another anneal and some careful dressing with a planishing hammer sorted it. Polished up quite nicely. Subsequently I was advised to put a cork in one end of the pipe, fill with water and put in the freezer (after annealing) instead of filling with salt or sand. Not had a need to try that yet but it sounds plausible and it's cheap and clean. Would allow a second anneal during the bend without having to un crimp the pipe to empty the filling medium and clean it out before annealing again. I have a similar job to do with 1" pipe this year for the latest engine so may give the ice method a shot.

                                Paul.

                                #391280
                                JasonB
                                Moderator
                                  @jasonb

                                  I find the best way to get tight bends is to chop up plumbing fittings to remove the socket and then silver solder them to the tube, you can add a small spigot piece inside if needed but as yours are just for cooling water probably not worth bothering. "Full Crossovers" are best but it can be done with end feed or solder ring elbows as you will have a job to find 10mm crossovers.

                                  For really tight then use a bull nose cutter to put a couple of holes into a block so that they meet, solder in your pipe and then shape the outside.

                                  Finally 1/8" BSP would not look out of place and you can get some nice looking brass fittings that would mimic old malable iron fittings which were often used for plumbing up full size engines. You can use thinner wall material so you get bigger than 1/8" bore.

                                  #391297
                                  Brian Wood
                                  Participant
                                    @brianwood45127

                                    AJW,

                                    If it is of interest, I re-plumbed the heating system in our current house 18 years ago in 10 mm microbore pipe. For the bends, I used one of the commercial hand held pipe benders directly on annealed 10 mm bore copper pipe, no fillers or springs were used. As a result I was able to get tight bends of 90 and 120 degrees without any further treatment such as annealing. Really tight bends are best done with fittings.

                                    The bender I bought was from the plumbing merchants and it will handle 6 and 8 mm bore pipe as well. A neat little gadget and easy to use.

                                    Regards

                                    Brian

                                    #391322
                                    Georgineer
                                    Participant
                                      @georgineer
                                      Posted by Paul Kemp on 16/01/2019 01:11:50:

                                      … Subsequently I was advised to put a cork in one end of the pipe, fill with water and put in the freezer (after annealing) instead of filling with salt or sand. Not had a need to try that yet but it sounds plausible and it's cheap and clean. Would allow a second anneal during the bend without having to un crimp the pipe to empty the filling medium and clean it out before annealing again. I have a similar job to do with 1" pipe this year for the latest engine so may give the ice method a shot.

                                      Paul.

                                      The ice technique is used by some brass musical instrument makers. There is a very clear description here, starting at 2:40.

                                      George

                                      #391350
                                      Robert Atkinson 2
                                      Participant
                                        @robertatkinson2

                                        One advantage of Cerrobend is that it expands slightly on freezing making a tighter packing. Lead shrinks. Water expands too, maybe too much.

                                        #391362
                                        AJW
                                        Participant
                                          @ajw

                                          Thanks for all your comments!
                                          Had a play this morning. First mistake was heating the lead in a tin can – it had a laquered finish inside which burnt off with copious amounts of smoke!
                                          Eventually poured the lead into my annealed and pre heated 10mm tube. Allowed to cool I then pulled it round a piece of 2 inch diameter material, went round really well and putting a Vernier around the bend can find no more unevenness in the bend than in the rest of the pipe (about 30/40 thou) Melted out well afterwards.
                                          Unfortunately the above has made me realise I need much tighter bends so will probably assemble and silver solder using carved up commercial fittings (like Jason’s) which seem to be able to give an unbelievably tight bend!
                                          Photo of the bend in my miscellaneous album.

                                          Alan

                                          #391363
                                          duncan webster 1
                                          Participant
                                            @duncanwebster1

                                            Street elbow as in my link above only has one end swelled out, so it won't foul your bolts

                                            #391370
                                            Nigel McBurney 1
                                            Participant
                                              @nigelmcburney1

                                              For stationary engine work I use thick walled copper pipe which when annealed forms easily around a round steel of brass bar ,the pipe is available from ME suppliers who stock cu pipe ,tube and plate for loco boilers.

                                              #391375
                                              Michael Gilligan
                                              Participant
                                                @michaelgilligan61133
                                                Posted by Robert Atkinson 2 on 16/01/2019 13:02:41:

                                                One advantage of Cerrobend is that it expands slightly on freezing making a tighter packing. Lead shrinks. Water expands too, maybe too much.

                                                .

                                                yes excellent point, and why I wanted to top-up my pitifully small stock

                                                Following FMES's link, I asked for an indicative price, and they replied promptly:

                                                We can offer as follows,



                                                1 kilo Bend alloy £68.00 + VAT



                                                Delivery: From stock

                                                Carriage: UPS £16

                                                Terms: Payment against a pro forma invoice, by bank transfer.

                                                .

                                                MichaelG.

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