electrolysis for rust removal- carbon plates

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electrolysis for rust removal- carbon plates

Home Forums Workshop Techniques electrolysis for rust removal- carbon plates

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  • #146719
    capnahab
    Participant
      @capnahab

      The venerable shopdogsam

      from the east coast of Arkansas recommends graphite plates which do appear to be much cleaner. Where can they be obtained in the UK ?.

      Edited By capnahab on 11/03/2014 10:59:37

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      #15696
      capnahab
      Participant
        @capnahab
        #146727
        Gordon W
        Participant
          @gordonw

          No idea about graphite plates, I imagine they will be expensive. I use stainless steel, a strip cut of an old sink drainer. This can be bent to suit the size of the job, the closer the better. There seems to be some worry about heavy metals but I can't see any great problems, there's probably more in road dust.

          #146728
          capnahab
          Participant
            @capnahab

            Cheers Gordon, good tip about the sink. Does the electrolyte stay clean(ish).

            #146737
            Neil Wyatt
            Moderator
              @neilwyatt

              I use a bit of bent welding rod inside a plastic tube with holes cut in it (to prevent shorts), but the biggest thing I've de-rusted is only about 6 ounces.

              Neil

              #146740
              _Paul_
              Participant
                @_paul_

                Graphite plates never seen anything like them in the UK, I use some old lead flashing to line a bucket and have the item/s hanging from a bit of timber

                #146748
                Gordon W
                Participant
                  @gordonw

                  Electrolyte soon gets dirty, depending on the amount of rust to start with, but settles clear if left overnight after switching off. The liquid can be poured off and reused, add water if needs be. I've just taken out a largish bit, about 7" x 5", after 2 days it's pretty good considering it was encrusted solid ( it is a wire fence tensioner grab ) A quick wash in water and dumped in some diesel should be working tomorrow. There is no sign of any thinning on the s/s.

                  #146757
                  Tim Stevens
                  Participant
                    @timstevens64731

                    The process involves (if you get it right) the rusty object being connected to the negative supply – this is the cathode. What happens is that there is hydrogen evolved on its surface, and a smaller amount of oxygen at the other electrode (the anode). Along with the hydrogen is a process of reduction (turning ferric compounds into ferrous, for example) – this turns the red rust black, and it is loosened.(Fe2O3 becomes Fe3O4). I wish this system could do subscript-letters! This is the same black powder you get in the bottom of your central heating radiators, incidentally.

                    At the anode, there tends to be an oxidation reaction, so in ideal conditions metal might be dissolved. But the solution (the electrolyte) is sodium carbonate, (so if any metal is attacked it might become a carbonate) – except that the process is very fussy – difficult to get to work well – even with more suitable compounds rather than washing soda. That is why nickel and chrome plating are so expensive. Most metals and most solutions (including Na2CO3 – sodium carbonate) just won't play the game.

                    So, an anode which cannot be attacked is ideal (but not vital) – and carbon would meet this need, if you can find it in big enough sheets. Also good are stainless steel and lead sheet, and lots of other metals. You are, after all, concerned with the object, and you will rinse it off before working on it. You are not going to immerse yourself in the liquid or drink it, so there is little chance of poisoning yourself.

                    Hope this helps – Tim

                    #146783
                    RJW
                    Participant
                      @rjw

                      Graphite could be had from a spark erosion company, they use it for sparking out steel moulds for injection moulding machines etc, they may have odd bits laying around!
                      If they don't have any to spare they could point you in the direction of a supplier, I do know one such company, will ask about sources atc next time I'm over there, but may not be for a couple of weeks yet!

                      If using stainless as an electrode in your electrolytic tank, keep shtum about it, the process 'could' in certain circumstances leave hex-chrome in the fluid, which is illegal to tip down drains and 'could' lead to a serious 'Whigging' by elf & safety if caught! (Please don't shoot me, I'm only the messenger, if you don't believe me, google it!

                      e.g: **LINK**

                      **LINK**
                      (This link includes methods for neutralising said hex-chrome)

                      John.

                      #146788
                      Ex contributor
                      Participant
                        @mgnbuk

                        I work for a graphite machining company. I could enquire about supplying smaller quantities if you give me an idea of the size of plates you have in mind.

                        I could also ask about the most suitable grade to use for this application – talking about "graphite" is like like talking about "steel " or "alloy" – there are many different grades with different properties for different applications. We have had some that was so soft & friable that it could be "machined" with a teaspoon & measuring it was a problem – other grades are so hard they can only be machined with diamond tooling.

                        If you would like me to enquire further, post the sizes you want on this thread & I'll ask.

                        Nigel B.

                        #146859
                        Paul Major
                        Participant
                          @paulmajor25237

                          @ Tim – and sorry to the OP, not rying to hijack your post

                          Probably a really dumb question, but if the attack on the anode metal isn't that severe, why don't people use a tin drum as the container and this doubles as the anode – genuine question, not trying to be a smart ass smiley

                          Cheers,

                          Paul

                          #146888
                          Ian S C
                          Participant
                            @iansc

                            Paul, that will be OK until one day all the electrolyte falls out through the holes eaten in the tin drum, unless you keep the drum in a plastic bucket.

                            I use a block of lead as my electrode, I think its about 6" x 4" x 1/2" (I'v got plenty of lead), every now and then I attack it with a chipping hammer when the scale builds up. I used to use a bit of steel bar, but it got eaten away fairly quickly.

                            When making parts for vintage machinery for our museum, it is some times worth while reversing the leads, and ageing the part, done carefully, you can't tell the new from the old. Ian S C

                            #146900
                            Gordon W
                            Participant
                              @gordonw

                              Use of metal container, for a one off job, is Ok but you must remember to insulate the part or suspend by insulator. I use an ex supermarket plastic tray with lots of holes in it.

                              #146902
                              Russell Eberhardt
                              Participant
                                @russelleberhardt48058

                                Graphite anode – how about the positive rod from an old zinc/carbon battery?

                                Russell.

                                #146903
                                WALLACE
                                Participant
                                  @wallace

                                  Or how about a lump of coal ?

                                  W.

                                  ( Sorry – I couldn’t resist it ! ).

                                  #146922
                                  Neil Wyatt
                                  Moderator
                                    @neilwyatt

                                    One thing not mentioned is that when the rust Fe2O3, which is much bulkier than the parent metal, becomes Fe3O2 (Magnetite) it has a similar volume to the metal lost (unlike rust it is not friable and does not contain a huge amount of water) and does not all detach. This means that you often end up with hard black stains that resemble a phosphated surface of similar dimensions and surface finish top the pre-rusted item, particlularly when the rust is only superficial.

                                    In this way electrolysis can, to an extent, repair some of the damage caused by rust.

                                    The example below is a 'Seal' crankshaft I was given, which was rusty enough to appear to be a scrapper when I got it..

                                    Neil

                                    #146971
                                    Tim Stevens
                                    Participant
                                      @timstevens64731

                                      Paul asks 'What about a tin drum as anode?' – my response is:

                                      No problem with the theory, really, but in practice I think people with this sort of kit tend to leave it between uses with the electrolyte in the container. Tin (or tin-plated thin sheet steel for clarity) only has a very thin layer on tin, and my guess is that the steel would rust away. And use would only make this worse, as the anode is oxidising – ie promoting rust.

                                      I'm not sure how good any adhesion of the Fe3O4 is, in engineering terms. So, I would be inclined to clean as much as I could off any bearing surfaces, etc. Another factor is that there is a risk of embrittlement* of any high-tensile steel, so an hour or two in a domestic oven should help. Especially for a wide two-bearing crank …

                                      * this is because hydrogen tends to creep between the crystals of the steel, and this can continue if a tensile load is applied. Plated HT bolts will snap off when tightened or a few minutes later, if de-embrittlement is not done properly.

                                      Cheers, Tim

                                      #147026
                                      Ian S C
                                      Participant
                                        @iansc

                                        The carbon from an old telephone battery would be ideal, if you can find one, they are about 5" long, and a bit over 1/2" diameter, with a Fahnstock clip on the top end. these batteries were for real telephones, they had two batteries about 6 1/2" high by 2 1/2" diameter, Eveready no., 6, they weigh 2lb 2oz each (that's the battery, not the telephone, it was screwed to the wall). Ian S C

                                        #147028
                                        Paul Major
                                        Participant
                                          @paulmajor25237

                                          Thanks guys, very informative. I have a couple of 25l drums made of thin steel/tin that the solvent for the parts washer came in. Plan now is to cut off top and bottom and drop into a plastic drum as the anode. Means the anode will suround the items to be cleaned.

                                          Cheers.

                                          Paul.

                                          #147036
                                          Ian S C
                                          Participant
                                            @iansc

                                            I use a 20L plastic paint pot for my container. Ian S C

                                            #147047
                                            Jeff Dayman
                                            Participant
                                              @jeffdayman43397

                                              Just FYI you can get high quality graphite blocks from any EDM workshop or from a mouldmaker who uses EDM. They often have bins full of large chunks of worn out graphite electrodes. Usually these chunks can be bought very cheaply and sometimes they are free for the asking in shops local to me. Some are quite large, being used for automotive part moulds.

                                              EDM shops often also have quantities of worn copper electrodes which can sometimes be bought reasonably depending on copper scrap prices.

                                              Good luck, JD

                                              #148990
                                              Phil H 1
                                              Participant
                                                @philh1

                                                I started building Rob Roy many years ago and I still have the frames but they are horribly rusted. Of course I could cut a new set from clean steel or even buy some laser cut frames but I was wondering whether it is realistic to retrieve them from the scrap pile. They have the horns (hot brass pressings) riveted in place at the moment but they could be removed before putting them in a bath. It it worth it – thoughts?

                                                #148992
                                                Keith Long
                                                Participant
                                                  @keithlong89920

                                                  Hi Phil

                                                  I don't see that you've anything to loose by giving it a go. Presumably you'd transfer the the horns to the new frames so drilling the rivets out would be part of that job anyway, so all you'd be risking is a bit of time, effort and fairly minimal cost rigging up the de-rusting bath. Got to be less effort than cutting new frames and less cost than laser cut ones. Definitely worth having a go in my opinion.

                                                  (edit added)

                                                  With the horns off, even less effort to give the rusty frames a soak in brick acid, over night would probably get all the rust off, it's worked wonders on a number of rusty spanners that I'd got lying around, shifts the black mill scale from hot rolled bar and plate as well.

                                                  Keith

                                                  Edited By Keith Long on 05/04/2014 14:55:41

                                                  #148995
                                                  Phil H 1
                                                  Participant
                                                    @philh1

                                                    Thanks Keith. I cut the frames about 37 years ago so it would be a shame to scrap for the sake of some brick cleaner (I need to buy some anyway – strangely – to clean some bricks).

                                                    I guess I'm after the strong brick cleaner rather than patio wash?

                                                    Phil H

                                                    #148997
                                                    Oompa Lumpa
                                                    Participant
                                                      @oompalumpa34302

                                                      For "Brick Cleaner" translate to Hydrochloric acid and I buy from these guys: APC Pure

                                                      Much cheaper to buy the strong stuff and dilute it, remember – Acid to Water – not the other way around.

                                                      graham.

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