My guess is the plate was used to check a hardness testing machine is delivering the right whack and the ball isn't damaged. It tests the test machine, which is how I read David Jupp's answer.
The plate would have started blank and then been dinged periodically to confirm the test machine is in good order. The dents should be identical, but will gradually deteriorate as the machine ages. The plate is evidence of how consistent the machine is. I suspect it's naughty to put more than one ding per square because a too close dent might effect the local hardness.
If the plate was made to confirm a hardness tester was performing to standard, then the plate was also made to a standard. Expensive when new, I suggest this one is used up and useless.
Could be completely wrong!
Dave